Electrical signaling system.



A. GOLDSTEIN.- ELECTRICAL SIGNALING SYSTEM. APPLICATION I'ILED H4128, 1910.

966,902. Patented Aug. 9, 1910.

- umrnn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALBERT 'GOLDSTEIN, OENEW YORK, N. YL, ASSIGNOR TO INTERNATIONAL ELECTRIC PROTECTION COMPANY, A GORPORATION 01? NEW YORK;

nizncrnronn SIGNALING SYSTEM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 9, 1910 Application filed March 28, 1910. Serial No. 551,814.

' Signaling Systems, of which the following is a specification.

inaft'er set forth, whereby a break occurring in one or more loopsof a plurality of loops connected in series in the circuit will not prevent signals being transmitted to a receiv n of said loops.

The accompanying drawing is an electrical diagram showing the invention by conventional symbols.

Three loops 1, II, series circuit with the ,source A of current which is grounded at G. In each loop is a transmitter T, T", T, each comprising a code wheel M, on the shaft of which is a cam N, having'a notch 0 in its rim. Bearing-on the cam is a switcharm a which is connected to ground-as at G, G or G3. When the code wheel M is at rest, the downwardly bent end of arm it enters notch 0 in cam N and so opens the ground connection. Each wheel M is rotated by any suitable means, released or otherwise controlled by the operator when a signal is to be sent,

and, in rotating, 8 said wheel makes and breaks circuit between the spring arms m, m

in the usual way. The magnets D. and E.

respectively control their switches d, e to make and break localcircuit at 13 and 14. The magnet F has two coils, and when one overrbalances the other, controls itsswitches f, to make and break circuit at 4, 15, 16, 17. The "magnet B controls its switch I) to make and break circuit at 6 and 19,1and

its switch I) to make and break circuit at 20.

The metallic circuit proceeds. as follows From non-grounded pole of source A, to

magnet I), one coil of the neutral inagnet F, member a of loop I, arm an, arm m,

member a of loop I, by wire 1 to loop II and transmitter T therein, by wire 2 "to to'other coil of magnet F, switch arm f,

contact 4, wire 5, switch .arm b, contact 6,

magnet B','to grounded pole of source A,

Across each loopas from junction 10 to station from any transmitter in any III are here shown in junction 12 in loop I-is a shunt which includes a thermostatic circuit closer. Each of said circuit closers consists of a high re- I sistance heating COll inclosing a thermostatic bar S, S, S Said bar may be made of two metals, as steel and brass, and supported.

at one end. The resistance ofthe coils on.

said bars is to be made so high as that said The invention is an: electnicalsignal1ngsystem, and consists in the construction herecoils are practically short-circuited by the loops I, II, III. Hence said bars are not heated, and hence they normally-open cir- I, cult at the contacts 7, 8, 9. Each of said contacts is connected to the heat coil associated therewith, so that when said coil is heated, thus causing the bar to bend and establish circuit at the contact, the greater part of the coil'on said bar and hence the greater partof the resistance offered thereby is cut out--the shunt then proceed- '1ng--1n loop I, for example-fro m 1unction tolgunctlon 11, contact 7, bar S to junc- 1011 D and E are magnets which respectivelycontrol their switches d, e, which make and break c rculu'at contacts 13 and 14;. In circult with switches: d, e and contacts 13, I-l

is a local battery L and glow lamps P, Q,

the whole located at the receiving station and constituting a translating device for si nals comin over the line from trans.- mitters T, T, I

The norma follows: When signals are sent, say from transmitter T, there is constant connection to groundG, thus energizing ,difierential magnet F which moves'its switches f, f to open circuit at contacts 4: and 15 and to close circuit at contacts 16 and 17. By reason of the opening of circuit at ennagnet B normally energized is caused to far so that its switches b, I) open circuit at contact 6 and close circuit'at contacts 19 and 20. Two

1 operation of the system is as;

leads from the non-grounded" ole of source i T and ground Gr". Consequently both magnets D and E are actuated by the current impulses sent by transmitter T, and both lamps P, Q, translate the signals visually.

on wire-1 to. member a" of loop I,-transmitter a magnet D, one coil of magnet F, through loops I, II, III successively, by wire 3 to other coil of magnet F, switch 7, contact 4, wire 5, switch I), contact l9,wire 21, polarized magnet J, wire 22 to junction Y. Then from junction Y by wire 23, switch f, contact 15, wire 24, resistance 25, switch 6, contact 20, wire 26 to grounded pole of source A. Magnet J now being energized by a reverse current, swings its switch j to close circuit at contact 27-when the circuit is established from source A, to junction lgmagnet E, junction Y, wire 22, contact 27, switch j, wire 28, resistance 29, magnet B, to grounded pole of source A: thus energizing magnet B and restoring the metallic circuit as originally described. Magnet B is given suflicient lag so that it will not be caused to fail by the momentary interruptions due to the opera tion of the transmitters; nor until after its circuit has been opened for some predetermined period of time.

I will now describe the operation of the system under abnormal condition of a break occurring in any one of the loopssay, for :example, at Z in member a of loop I. It has already been stated that each loop practically forms a short-circuit around its thermostatic switch. Hence the advent of the break in loop I removes that short-circuit, and the winding of bar S receives sufiicient current to heat that bar, which accordingly closes circuit at contact 7 As already explained, most of the resistance of the heating coil of bar S is thus cut out, so that a low resistance shunt becomes established across loop I, over which shunt transmitters T, T can continue to send their signals. Or, in other words, so far as transmitters -T and T are concerned, loop I is cut out of circuit. But signals can still be sent from transmitter T, because the circuit can still be closed to ground G by said transmitter through member a of loop I, as'already described, despite the fact that circuit is broken at Z in member a, and both magnets D, E will still continue to be operated because the two leads proceeding from the non-grounded %ole of source A and through said magnets E are tied together by the low resistance shunt established across loop I, also as already described. It is immaterial whether the breakoccurs in member a or a of any loop I, II or III, and immaterial whether it occurs in one or more of the .loops. The result is simply by the establishment of the low resistance shunt to short-circuit'the loop in which the break occursso far as the other loops are concerned, while leaving the transmitter in the impaired loop still operative to control the translating device at the receiving station.

t is, of course, to be understood that in cutting out parts of the heat coils ofthe thermostatic switches, enough of said 0011 is still to be left operating to heat the bars sufliciently to keep the contacts at 7, 8 9 closed.

I claim l. The combination of a source of current,

a ground connection at one pole thereof, a

metallic circuit including a plurality of loops in series, a ground connection from each of said loops, a transmitter ineach of said loop ground connections, translating means in said circuit actuated by each of said transmitters, and means operating upon the occurrence of a break' in either member of any loop for cutting said loop out of the series and establishing a current lead from the non-grounded pole of said source through the other member of said loop to the transmitter therein.

2. The combination of a source of current, a ground connection at one pole thereof, a metallic circuit including a plurality of loops in series, a ground connection from each of said loops, a transmitter in each of said loop ground connections, two translating devices in said circuit both actuated by each of said transmitters, and means operating upon the occurrence of a break in either member of anyloop for cutting said loop out of theseries and establishing a current lead including one of said translating devices from the non-grounded pole of said source and through the other member of said loop to the transmitter therein.

3. The combination of a source of current, a ground connection at one pole thereof, a: metallic circuit including a plurality of loops in series, a ground connection from each of said loops, a transmitter in each of said loop ground connections, translatin means in said circuit actuated by each of sai transmitters, and means operating upon the occurrence of a break in any loop for individually short-circuiting said loop.

' 4. The combination of a source of current, a ground connection at one pole thereof, a metallic circuit including a plurality of loops in series, a ground connection from each of said loops, a transmitter in each of said loop ground connections, translating means in said circuit actuated by each of said transmitters, a shunt across each loop of relatively higher resistance than said loop, and means operating upon the occurrence of a break in any loop for removing the excess resistance in said shunt.

5. The combination of a source of current, a ground connection at one pole thereof, a

metallic circuit including a plurality of loops in series, a ground connection from each of said loops, a transmitter in each of said loop ground connections, translating means in said circuit actuated by each of said transmitters, a heating coil in shunt across each loop of relatively higher resistance than said loop, and a thermostatheated by said coil and operating upon the occurrence of a break in said loop to cut out a fraction of 10 said coil sufiioient to remove the excess re sistance in said shunt.

In testimony whereof I have aflixed my signature in presence of twowitnesses.

ALBERT GOLDSTEIN. Witnesses:

GERTRUDE T. PORTER, MAY T. MCGARRY. 

